Carpinus Caroliniana

Carpinus caroliniana (American Hornbeam) is a small native understory tree known for its smooth, sinewy gray bark and refined, layered branching. Its compact size and strong fall color make it an excellent choice for woodland gardens and shaded landscapes.

Height & Spread: 20 - 30 ft x 20 - 30 ft

Bloom Time: Spring

Light Requirements: Partial shade to full shade

Soil Preference: Moist, well drained soils

Watering Needs: Moderate; prefers consistent moisture

Deer Resistance: Moderate deer resistance

Native Status

Native to eastern North America, commonly found in understory woodland environments and along streambanks.

WILDLIFE & INSECTS

Birds

• Seeds are eaten by small birds and woodland species.

Butterflies & Moths

• Host plant for several native moth and butterfly species.

Mammals

• Provides cover and habitat for small woodland animals.

Spacing & Landscape Use

Spacing Recommendations

• Plant 20 - 30 ft apart for natural form development.

Landscape Placement

• Ideal for woodland gardens, understory plantings, and naturalized landscapes.

Companion Plants

• Cornus alternifolia (Pagoda Dogwood) - Shares layered branching and thrives in similar understory conditions.
• Hamamelis virginiana (Witch Hazel) - Adds late season interest in shaded woodland settings.
• Osmunda cinnamomea (Cinnamon Fern) - Provides soft texture in moist woodland soils.
• Asarum canadense (Wild Ginger) - Creates a dense native groundcover beneath trees.