Franklinia alatamaha is a rare historically significant small tree with fragrant camellia like white flowers that bloom in late summer and fall. Once native to the banks of the Altamaha River in Georgia, it is now extinct in the wild but survives in cultivation thanks to early botanical preservation. Its dark green foliage turns brilliant shades of red and purple in autumn creating multi season interest for woodland edges and specimen plantings.
Height & Spread: 10 - 20 ft x 6 - 15 ft
Bloom Time: Late summer to early fall
Light Requirements: Full sun to part shade
Soil Preference: Moist, acidic, well drained soil rich in organic matter
Watering Needs: Moderate; consistent moisture preferred but not waterlogged
Deer Resistance: Moderate; not typically favored but may be browsed when young
Native Status
Franklinia alatamaha is native to the southeastern United States, specifically along the Altamaha River in Georgia. Though it is extinct in the wild it remains culturally and ecologically significant in cultivated landscapes.
WILDLIFE & INSECTS
Bees
- Provides late season nectar for honeybees and native bumblebees when other floral sources are scarce.
Butterflies
- Attracts fall flying butterflies such as Monarchs and Common Buckeyes during southern migrations.
Birds
- The tree’s dense canopy offers shelter for songbirds while its dried seed capsules provide winter texture.
Spacing & Landscape Use
Spacing Recommendations:
- Plant 10 - 15 ft apart when used in small groupings, or allow room to develop as a single accent tree.
Landscape Placement:
- Ideal for woodland borders, shaded lawns, or as a historical specimen in native themed gardens. Protect from strong winds and site in sheltered areas with evenly moist, acidic soils.
Companion Plants
- Rhododendron catawbiense (Catawba Rhododendron) - Evergreen foliage and late spring blooms offer complementary texture and seasonal interest.
- Amelanchier canadensis (Shadbush Serviceberry) - Four season interest with spring blooms, edible fruit, autumn foliage, and attractive bark.
- Osmunda cinnamomea (Cinnamon Fern) - Architectural foliage and moisture loving habit complete the woodland aesthetic.
- Clethra alnifolia (Summersweet) - Offers midsummer fragrance and thrives in similar acidic moist conditions.
- Fothergilla major 'Mt. Airy' - Fragrant spring flowers and vibrant fall color align beautifully with Franklinia’s seasonal display.