Sassafras albidum is a striking native deciduous tree known for its distinctive mitten shaped leaves, brilliant fall color, and historical cultural uses. This understory species provides visual interest year round thanks to its aromatic bark and flowers, blue fruit on red stalks, and colorful autumn foliage. Its spreading root system and clonal growth also support restoration projects and wildlife habitat.
Height & Spread: 30 - 60 ft x 25 - 40 ft
Bloom Time: Early to mid spring
Light Requirements: Full sun to part shade
Soil Preference: Moist, well drained acidic soils
Watering Needs: Low to moderate
Deer Resistance: Moderate; young saplings may require protection
Native Status
Native to eastern North America, Sassafras albidum is commonly found in open woods, forest edges, and thickets from Maine to Florida and west to Texas and Michigan.
WILDLIFE & INSECTS
Butterflies
- Essential larval host plant for the Spicebush Swallowtail, Palamedes Swallowtail, and Tiger Swallowtail.
Birds
- Fruits are eaten by songbirds such as thrushes, vireos, and catbirds aiding in seed dispersal.
Mammals
- Small mammals including raccoons and squirrels feed on the fruit and take shelter in sapling thickets.
Spacing & Landscape Use
Spacing Recommendations:
- Plant 20 - 40 ft apart to allow for full canopy spread and natural suckering habit.
Landscape Placement:
- Best used in naturalized borders, woodland gardens, and native restoration projects where its fall color and wildlife value can be appreciated.
Companion Plants
- Vaccinium corymbosum (Highbush Blueberry) - Shares soil and light preferences while adding edible landscape interest and fiery fall foliage.
- Amelanchier canadensis (Serviceberry) - Offers spring blooms and edible berries while mimicking the multi season appeal of Sassafras.
- Aronia melanocarpa 'Autumn Magic' - Glossy foliage, white flowers, and dark berries offer wildlife food and visual contrast throughout the season.
- Clethra alnifolia 'Ruby Spice' - Pink summer flowers and compact form complement the vertical growth of Sassafras and thrive in similar acidic conditions.
- Fothergilla gardenii - Fragrant white bottlebrush blooms and brilliant fall foliage provide multi season contrast under Sassafras canopies.